Testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) are particularly abundant in peatlands. Previous
studies have used testate amoebae in palaeoenvironmental studies, but have used qualitative
data only, so that results are expressed only in terms of 'wet', 'dry' or 'moist'. This study
uses testate amoebae to derive quantitative reconstructions of mire surface wetness for part
of the Holocene and is split into two parts.
The first part of this study modelled the responses of individual testate amoebae species to
environmental variables on ombrotrophic mires, since the peatland-climate link makes these
habitats the one of the most useful in palaeoclimate reconstructions. 163 samples of modern
testate amoebae faunas were obtained from 9 ombrotrophic mires across Britain.
Environmental variables (mean annual water table, moisture content, dissolved organic
carbon, pH, Ca^*, Mg^*, SO^^', CI", conductivity and host plant species) were measured. A
hydrological monitoring programme on an ombrotrophic mire on Dartmoor provided a
detailed record of hydrology and selected water chemistry over a year and identified the
season most representative of mean annual environmental conditions. Weighted averaging
regression applied to the faunas provided absolute moisture content and mean annual water
table optima for 38 common testate amoebae species.
In the second part of the study weighted averaging calibration was used to derive transfer
functions from the modern species' optima. From these, mean annual water table and
substrate moisture content were reconstructed for the top 100 cm of a selected fossil peat
core from Bolton Fell Moss, Cumbria. These reconstructions were compared with those
derived from plant macrofossil and peat humification analyses. Testate amoebae provided
a further insight into the decline of Sphagnum imbricatum, clarified noisy areas of the
existing palaeohydrological record and suggested that hydrological changes at Bolton Fell
Moss were likely to have been gradual, rather than the sudden event implied by the plant
macrofossil record.
This study demonstrates the future potential of testate amoebae as palaeohydrological
indicators. Expansion of the modem data set in terms of species composition and
geographical extent, further applications of testate amoebae into multi-proxy
palaeohydrological reconstructions and taxonomic refinements are suggested to improve the
technique further.
Date of Award | 1996 |
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Original language | English |
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Awarding Institution | |
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Holocene palaeohydrology from testate amoebae analysis: developing a model for British peatlands
Woodland, W. A. (Author). 1996
Student thesis: PhD