The Effect of Variable Doses of Inorganic Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Simulated 2000-m Rowing Performance in Trained Athletes

MW Hoon; AM Jones; NA Johnson; JR Blackwell; EM Broad; B Lundy; AJ Rice; LM Burke

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2013-0207

The Effect of Variable Doses of Inorganic Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Simulated 2000-m Rowing Performance in Trained Athletes

MW Hoon, AM Jones, NA Johnson, JR Blackwell, EM Broad, B Lundy, AJ Rice, LM Burke

Faculty of Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Context:Beetroot juice is a naturally rich source of inorganic nitrate (NO3−), a compound hypothesized to enhance endurance performance by improving exercise efficiency.Purpose:To investigate the effect of different doses of beetroot juice on 2000-m ergometer-rowing performance in highly trained athletes.Methods:Ten highly trained male rowers volunteered to participate in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study. Two hours before undertaking a 2000-m rowing-ergometer test, subjects consumed beetroot juice containing 0 mmol (placebo), 4.2 mmol (SINGLE), or 8.4 mmol (DOUBLE) NO3−. Blood samples were taken before supplement ingestion and immediately before the rowing test for analysis of plasma [NO3−] and [nitrite (NO2−)].Results:The SINGLE dose demonstrated a trivial effect on time to complete 2000 m compared with placebo (mean difference: 0.2 ± 2.5 s). A possibly beneficial effect was found with DOUBLE compared with SINGLE (mean difference –1.8 ± 2.1 s) and with placebo (–1.6 ± 1.6 s). Plasma [NO2−] and [NO3−] demonstrated a dose-response effect, with greater amounts of ingested nitrate leading to substantially higher concentrations (DOUBLE > SINGLE > placebo). There was a moderate but insignificant correlation (r = –.593, P = .055) between change in plasma [NO2−] and performance time.Conclusion:Compared with nitratedepleted beetroot juice, a high (8.4 mmol NO3−) but not moderate (4.2 mmol NO3−) dose of NO3− in beetroot juice, consumed 2 h before exercise, may improve 2000-m rowing performance in highly trained athletes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	615-620
Number of pages	0
Journal	International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
Volume	9
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0207
Publication status	Published - Jul 2014

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title = "The Effect of Variable Doses of Inorganic Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Simulated 2000-m Rowing Performance in Trained Athletes",

abstract = "Context:Beetroot juice is a naturally rich source of inorganic nitrate (NO3−), a compound hypothesized to enhance endurance performance by improving exercise efficiency.Purpose:To investigate the effect of different doses of beetroot juice on 2000-m ergometer-rowing performance in highly trained athletes.Methods:Ten highly trained male rowers volunteered to participate in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study. Two hours before undertaking a 2000-m rowing-ergometer test, subjects consumed beetroot juice containing 0 mmol (placebo), 4.2 mmol (SINGLE), or 8.4 mmol (DOUBLE) NO3−. Blood samples were taken before supplement ingestion and immediately before the rowing test for analysis of plasma [NO3−] and [nitrite (NO2−)].Results:The SINGLE dose demonstrated a trivial effect on time to complete 2000 m compared with placebo (mean difference: 0.2 ± 2.5 s). A possibly beneficial effect was found with DOUBLE compared with SINGLE (mean difference –1.8 ± 2.1 s) and with placebo (–1.6 ± 1.6 s). Plasma [NO2−] and [NO3−] demonstrated a dose-response effect, with greater amounts of ingested nitrate leading to substantially higher concentrations (DOUBLE > SINGLE > placebo). There was a moderate but insignificant correlation (r = –.593, P = .055) between change in plasma [NO2−] and performance time.Conclusion:Compared with nitratedepleted beetroot juice, a high (8.4 mmol NO3−) but not moderate (4.2 mmol NO3−) dose of NO3− in beetroot juice, consumed 2 h before exercise, may improve 2000-m rowing performance in highly trained athletes.",

author = "MW Hoon and AM Jones and NA Johnson and JR Blackwell and EM Broad and B Lundy and AJ Rice and LM Burke",

year = "2014",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1123/ijspp.2013-0207",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "615--620",

journal = "International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance",

issn = "1555-0265",

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number = "4",

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T1 - The Effect of Variable Doses of Inorganic Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Simulated 2000-m Rowing Performance in Trained Athletes

AU - Hoon, MW

AU - Jones, AM

AU - Johnson, NA

AU - Blackwell, JR

AU - Broad, EM

AU - Lundy, B

AU - Rice, AJ

AU - Burke, LM

PY - 2014/7

Y1 - 2014/7

N2 - Context:Beetroot juice is a naturally rich source of inorganic nitrate (NO3−), a compound hypothesized to enhance endurance performance by improving exercise efficiency.Purpose:To investigate the effect of different doses of beetroot juice on 2000-m ergometer-rowing performance in highly trained athletes.Methods:Ten highly trained male rowers volunteered to participate in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study. Two hours before undertaking a 2000-m rowing-ergometer test, subjects consumed beetroot juice containing 0 mmol (placebo), 4.2 mmol (SINGLE), or 8.4 mmol (DOUBLE) NO3−. Blood samples were taken before supplement ingestion and immediately before the rowing test for analysis of plasma [NO3−] and [nitrite (NO2−)].Results:The SINGLE dose demonstrated a trivial effect on time to complete 2000 m compared with placebo (mean difference: 0.2 ± 2.5 s). A possibly beneficial effect was found with DOUBLE compared with SINGLE (mean difference –1.8 ± 2.1 s) and with placebo (–1.6 ± 1.6 s). Plasma [NO2−] and [NO3−] demonstrated a dose-response effect, with greater amounts of ingested nitrate leading to substantially higher concentrations (DOUBLE > SINGLE > placebo). There was a moderate but insignificant correlation (r = –.593, P = .055) between change in plasma [NO2−] and performance time.Conclusion:Compared with nitratedepleted beetroot juice, a high (8.4 mmol NO3−) but not moderate (4.2 mmol NO3−) dose of NO3− in beetroot juice, consumed 2 h before exercise, may improve 2000-m rowing performance in highly trained athletes.

AB - Context:Beetroot juice is a naturally rich source of inorganic nitrate (NO3−), a compound hypothesized to enhance endurance performance by improving exercise efficiency.Purpose:To investigate the effect of different doses of beetroot juice on 2000-m ergometer-rowing performance in highly trained athletes.Methods:Ten highly trained male rowers volunteered to participate in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study. Two hours before undertaking a 2000-m rowing-ergometer test, subjects consumed beetroot juice containing 0 mmol (placebo), 4.2 mmol (SINGLE), or 8.4 mmol (DOUBLE) NO3−. Blood samples were taken before supplement ingestion and immediately before the rowing test for analysis of plasma [NO3−] and [nitrite (NO2−)].Results:The SINGLE dose demonstrated a trivial effect on time to complete 2000 m compared with placebo (mean difference: 0.2 ± 2.5 s). A possibly beneficial effect was found with DOUBLE compared with SINGLE (mean difference –1.8 ± 2.1 s) and with placebo (–1.6 ± 1.6 s). Plasma [NO2−] and [NO3−] demonstrated a dose-response effect, with greater amounts of ingested nitrate leading to substantially higher concentrations (DOUBLE > SINGLE > placebo). There was a moderate but insignificant correlation (r = –.593, P = .055) between change in plasma [NO2−] and performance time.Conclusion:Compared with nitratedepleted beetroot juice, a high (8.4 mmol NO3−) but not moderate (4.2 mmol NO3−) dose of NO3− in beetroot juice, consumed 2 h before exercise, may improve 2000-m rowing performance in highly trained athletes.

U2 - 10.1123/ijspp.2013-0207

DO - 10.1123/ijspp.2013-0207

M3 - Article

SN - 1555-0265

VL - 9

SP - 615

EP - 620

JO - International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

JF - International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

IS - 4

ER -

The Effect of Variable Doses of Inorganic Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Simulated 2000-m Rowing Performance in Trained Athletes

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