Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale

Stephen Kelly; Robin White; William Harris; Tobias Volkenandt; Giuliano Laudone; Katie Jones; Benjamin Tordoff; Ben Veater

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale

Stephen Kelly^*
, Robin White
, William Harris
, Tobias Volkenandt
, Giuliano Laudone
, Katie Jones
, Benjamin Tordoff
, Ben Veater

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Carl Zeiss SMT AG

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceedings published in a book › peer-review

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Abstract

Graphite is a key material in the design and operation of a wide range of nuclear reactors because of its attractive combination of thermal, mechanical, and neutron interaction properties. In all its applications, the microstructural evolution of nuclear graphite under operating conditions will strongly influence reactor lifetime and performance. However, measuring the 3D microstructural characteristics of nuclear graphite has traditionally faced many challenges. X-ray tomographic techniques face limitations in achievable resolution on bulk (mm-sized) specimens while serial sectioning techniques like FIB-SEM struggle to achieve adequate milling rates for tomographic imaging over representative volumes. To address these shortcomings, we present here a multiscale, targeted, correlative microstructural characterization workflow for nuclear graphite employing micro-scale and nano-scale x-ray microscopy with a connected laser milling step in between the two modalities. We present details of the microstructure, including porosity analysis, spanning orders of magnitude in feature size for nuclear graphite samples including IG-110.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	553-562
Number of pages	10
Volume	0
ISBN (Print)	9783030652616
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50
Publication status	Published - 24 Feb 2021
Event	150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2021 - Pittsburgh, United States Duration: 15 Mar 2021 → 18 Mar 2021

Publication series

Name	Minerals, Metals and Materials Series
Volume	5
ISSN (Print)	2367-1181
ISSN (Electronic)	2367-1696

Conference

Conference	150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2021
Country/Territory	United States
City	Pittsburgh
Period	15/03/21 → 18/03/21

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 4 Quality Education
SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Mechanics of Materials
Metals and Alloys
Materials Chemistry

Keywords

Graphite
Multiscale
Porosity
X-ray tomography

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

Kelly2021 Chapter Non-destructiveCorrelative3DChFinal published version, 693 KB

Cite this

Kelly, S., White, R., Harris, W., Volkenandt, T., Laudone, G., Jones, K., Tordoff, B., & Veater, B. (2021). Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale. In TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings (Vol. 0, pp. 553-562). (Minerals, Metals and Materials Series; Vol. 5). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

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title = "Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale",

abstract = "Graphite is a key material in the design and operation of a wide range of nuclear reactors because of its attractive combination of thermal, mechanical, and neutron interaction properties. In all its applications, the microstructural evolution of nuclear graphite under operating conditions will strongly influence reactor lifetime and performance. However, measuring the 3D microstructural characteristics of nuclear graphite has traditionally faced many challenges. X-ray tomographic techniques face limitations in achievable resolution on bulk (mm-sized) specimens while serial sectioning techniques like FIB-SEM struggle to achieve adequate milling rates for tomographic imaging over representative volumes. To address these shortcomings, we present here a multiscale, targeted, correlative microstructural characterization workflow for nuclear graphite employing micro-scale and nano-scale x-ray microscopy with a connected laser milling step in between the two modalities. We present details of the microstructure, including porosity analysis, spanning orders of magnitude in feature size for nuclear graphite samples including IG-110.",

keywords = "Graphite, Multiscale, Porosity, X-ray tomography",

author = "Stephen Kelly and Robin White and William Harris and Tobias Volkenandt and Giuliano Laudone and Katie Jones and Benjamin Tordoff and Ben Veater",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Minerals, Metals \& Materials Society.; 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2021 ; Conference date: 15-03-2021 Through 18-03-2021",

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language = "English",

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Kelly, S, White, R, Harris, W, Volkenandt, T, Laudone, G , Jones, K, Tordoff, B & Veater, B 2021, Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale. in TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. vol. 0, Minerals, Metals and Materials Series, vol. 5, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 553-562, 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2021, Pittsburgh, United States, 15/03/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale. / Kelly, Stephen; White, Robin; Harris, William et al.
TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. Vol. 0 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021. p. 553-562 (Minerals, Metals and Materials Series; Vol. 5).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceedings published in a book › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite

T2 - 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS 2021

AU - Kelly, Stephen

AU - White, Robin

AU - Harris, William

AU - Volkenandt, Tobias

AU - Laudone, Giuliano

AU - Jones, Katie

AU - Tordoff, Benjamin

AU - Veater, Ben

PY - 2021/2/24

Y1 - 2021/2/24

N2 - Graphite is a key material in the design and operation of a wide range of nuclear reactors because of its attractive combination of thermal, mechanical, and neutron interaction properties. In all its applications, the microstructural evolution of nuclear graphite under operating conditions will strongly influence reactor lifetime and performance. However, measuring the 3D microstructural characteristics of nuclear graphite has traditionally faced many challenges. X-ray tomographic techniques face limitations in achievable resolution on bulk (mm-sized) specimens while serial sectioning techniques like FIB-SEM struggle to achieve adequate milling rates for tomographic imaging over representative volumes. To address these shortcomings, we present here a multiscale, targeted, correlative microstructural characterization workflow for nuclear graphite employing micro-scale and nano-scale x-ray microscopy with a connected laser milling step in between the two modalities. We present details of the microstructure, including porosity analysis, spanning orders of magnitude in feature size for nuclear graphite samples including IG-110.

AB - Graphite is a key material in the design and operation of a wide range of nuclear reactors because of its attractive combination of thermal, mechanical, and neutron interaction properties. In all its applications, the microstructural evolution of nuclear graphite under operating conditions will strongly influence reactor lifetime and performance. However, measuring the 3D microstructural characteristics of nuclear graphite has traditionally faced many challenges. X-ray tomographic techniques face limitations in achievable resolution on bulk (mm-sized) specimens while serial sectioning techniques like FIB-SEM struggle to achieve adequate milling rates for tomographic imaging over representative volumes. To address these shortcomings, we present here a multiscale, targeted, correlative microstructural characterization workflow for nuclear graphite employing micro-scale and nano-scale x-ray microscopy with a connected laser milling step in between the two modalities. We present details of the microstructure, including porosity analysis, spanning orders of magnitude in feature size for nuclear graphite samples including IG-110.

KW - Graphite

KW - Multiscale

KW - Porosity

KW - X-ray tomography

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UR - https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/gees-research/1371/

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DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

M3 - Conference proceedings published in a book

SN - 9783030652616

VL - 0

T3 - Minerals, Metals and Materials Series

SP - 553

EP - 562

BT - TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings

PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

Y2 - 15 March 2021 through 18 March 2021

ER -

Kelly S, White R, Harris W, Volkenandt T, Laudone G , Jones K et al. Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale. In TMS 2021 150th Annual Meeting and Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. Vol. 0. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2021. p. 553-562. (Minerals, Metals and Materials Series). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-65261-6_50

Non-destructive Correlative 3D Characterization of Nuclear Graphite: From the Micro-scale to the Nano-scale

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Keywords

Access to Document

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