TY - JOUR
T1 - How and when post intensive care syndrome-family is measured
T2 - A scoping review
AU - Hayes, Kati
AU - Harding, Sam
AU - Blackwood, Bronagh
AU - Latour, Jos M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - Objectives: Family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients can experience mental health difficulties. These are collectively described as Post Intensive Care Syndrome-Family (PICS-F). There are no standardised outcome measures to benchmark the impact of PICS-F. This scoping review aimed to map and characterise interventions, outcomes, and outcome instruments related to PICS-F. Methods: Eight databases were searched in June 2023: Pubmed, CINAHL, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, AMED, Emcare and Cochrane. The grey literature was also searched. Studies published after 2012 related to PICS-F were included. Search strategy included: (Population) family members of adult ICU patients, (Concept) PICS-F, (Context) ICU settings. Frequency analysis of outcomes was performed, and instruments were mapped to describe the characteristics. Results: Of the identified 4848 records, 46 papers representing 44 unique studies met the inclusion criteria and were retained for analysis. In total, 8008 family members were represented across 15 countries in four continents worldwide. The number of studies reporting PICS-F interventions increased rapidly over the past 12 years and were performed in ICUs treating mixed conditions. Studies were randomised control trials (n = 33), before-and-after design (n = 6) and non-randomised trials (n = 5). A total of 18 outcome instruments were used measuring predominantly anxiety, with complicated grief measured only once. The identified instruments were mostly validated for clinical and disease specific populations but not validated among relatives of ICU patients. Conclusion: There is a plethora of instruments measuring PICS-F outcomes. No core outcome set is currently available for PICS-F. To reduce heterogeneity of how PICS-F is measured, a core outcome set with validated measurements is recommended to allow benchmarking and to document the impact of PICS-F interventions. Implications for clinical practice: Recognising PICS-F symptoms and understanding how to assess them could help clinicians to develop interventions to improve family outcomes. Validated instruments are needed to evaluate these interventions.
AB - Objectives: Family members of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients can experience mental health difficulties. These are collectively described as Post Intensive Care Syndrome-Family (PICS-F). There are no standardised outcome measures to benchmark the impact of PICS-F. This scoping review aimed to map and characterise interventions, outcomes, and outcome instruments related to PICS-F. Methods: Eight databases were searched in June 2023: Pubmed, CINAHL, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, AMED, Emcare and Cochrane. The grey literature was also searched. Studies published after 2012 related to PICS-F were included. Search strategy included: (Population) family members of adult ICU patients, (Concept) PICS-F, (Context) ICU settings. Frequency analysis of outcomes was performed, and instruments were mapped to describe the characteristics. Results: Of the identified 4848 records, 46 papers representing 44 unique studies met the inclusion criteria and were retained for analysis. In total, 8008 family members were represented across 15 countries in four continents worldwide. The number of studies reporting PICS-F interventions increased rapidly over the past 12 years and were performed in ICUs treating mixed conditions. Studies were randomised control trials (n = 33), before-and-after design (n = 6) and non-randomised trials (n = 5). A total of 18 outcome instruments were used measuring predominantly anxiety, with complicated grief measured only once. The identified instruments were mostly validated for clinical and disease specific populations but not validated among relatives of ICU patients. Conclusion: There is a plethora of instruments measuring PICS-F outcomes. No core outcome set is currently available for PICS-F. To reduce heterogeneity of how PICS-F is measured, a core outcome set with validated measurements is recommended to allow benchmarking and to document the impact of PICS-F interventions. Implications for clinical practice: Recognising PICS-F symptoms and understanding how to assess them could help clinicians to develop interventions to improve family outcomes. Validated instruments are needed to evaluate these interventions.
KW - Critical care
KW - Critical illness
KW - Family members
KW - Intensive care unit
KW - Relatives
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85199681496&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103768
DO - 10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103768
M3 - Review article
C2 - 39079481
AN - SCOPUS:85199681496
SN - 0964-3397
VL - 84
JO - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
JF - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
M1 - 103768
ER -