Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Heather M. Orpana; Laurie B. Marczak; Megha Arora; Nooshin Abbasi; Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader; Zegeye Abebe; Haftom Niguse Abraha; Mohsen Afarideh; Mahdi Afshari; Alireza Ahmadi; Amani Nidhal Aichour; Ibtihel Aichour; Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour; Nadia Akseer; Rajaa M. Al‐raddadi; Fares Alahdab; Ala'a Alkerwi; Peter Allebeck; Nelson Alvis‐guzman; Nahla Hamed Anber; Mina Anjomshoa; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Amit Arora; Krishna K. Aryal; Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom; Ashish Awasthi; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Hamid Badali; Suzanne Lyn Barker‐collo; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Shahrzad Bazargan‐hejazi; Corina Benjet; Isabela M. Bensenor; Noami Berfeld; Mircea Beuran; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Belete Biadgo; Nigus Bililign; Guilherme Borges; Rohan Borschmann; Alexandra Brazinova; Nicholas J.K. Breitborde; Traolach Brugha; Zahid A. Butt; Juan J. Carrero; Félix Carvalho; Deborah Carvalho Malta; Carlos A. Castañeda‐orjuela; Ferrán Catalá‐lópez; Paul H. Lee

doi:10.1136/bmj.l94

Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Heather M. Orpana
, Laurie B. Marczak
, Megha Arora
, Nooshin Abbasi
, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader
, Zegeye Abebe
, Haftom Niguse Abraha
, Mohsen Afarideh
, Mahdi Afshari
, Alireza Ahmadi
, Amani Nidhal Aichour
, Ibtihel Aichour
, Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour
, Nadia Akseer
, Rajaa M. Al‐raddadi
, Fares Alahdab
, Ala'a Alkerwi
, Peter Allebeck
, Nelson Alvis‐guzman
, Nahla Hamed Anber

Mina Anjomshoa, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Amit Arora, Krishna K. Aryal, Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom, Ashish Awasthi, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Hamid Badali, Suzanne Lyn Barker‐collo, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Shahrzad Bazargan‐hejazi, Corina Benjet, Isabela M. Bensenor, Noami Berfeld, Mircea Beuran, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Belete Biadgo, Nigus Bililign, Guilherme Borges, Rohan Borschmann, Alexandra Brazinova, Nicholas J.K. Breitborde, Traolach Brugha, Zahid A. Butt, Juan J. Carrero, Félix Carvalho, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Carlos A. Castañeda‐orjuela, Ferrán Catalá‐lópez, Paul H. Lee

Public Health Agency of Canada
University of Ottawa
University of Washington
McGill University
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University
Gondar University
Mekelle University
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Zabol University of Medical Sciences
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Ferhat Abbas Sétif University 1
Higher National Veterinary School
University of Toronto
King Abdulaziz University
Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN
Luxembourg Institute of Health
Karolinska Institutet
Swedish Research Council
Universidad de Cartagena
Universidad de la Costa
Mansoura University
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
University of the Philippines
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Western Sydney University
Sydney Local Health District
Abt Associates Nepal
Public Health Foundation of India
University of Melbourne
National Institutes of Health
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
The University of Auckland
Heidelberg University
Harvard University
Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science
University of California at Los Angeles
Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente
Universidade de São Paulo
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Aga Khan University
Woldia University
Murdoch Children's Research Institute
Comenius University
Ohio State University
University of Leicester
University of British Columbia
Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital
University of Porto
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.

Original language	English
Article number	94
Journal	BMJ (Online)
Volume	364
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l94
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2019
Externally published	Yes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

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10.1136/bmj.l94

Cite this

Orpana, H. M., Marczak, L. B., Arora, M., Abbasi, N., Abdulkader, R. S., Abebe, Z., Abraha, H. N., Afarideh, M., Afshari, M., Ahmadi, A., Aichour, A. N., Aichour, I., Aichour, M. T. E., Akseer, N., Al‐raddadi, R. M., Alahdab, F., Alkerwi, A., Allebeck, P., Alvis‐guzman, N., ... Lee, P. H. (2019). Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. BMJ (Online), 364, Article 94. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l94

@article{d327adf40ab445cc806043bc6f630ca7,

title = "Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016",

abstract = "Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7\% (95\% uncertainty interval 0.4\% to 15.6\%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7\% (27.2\% to 36.6\%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6\%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0\%, 95\% uncertainty interval 42.6\% to 54.6\%) than men (23.8\%, 15.6\% to 32.7\%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.",

author = "Orpana, \{Heather M.\} and Marczak, \{Laurie B.\} and Megha Arora and Nooshin Abbasi and Abdulkader, \{Rizwan Suliankatchi\} and Zegeye Abebe and Abraha, \{Haftom Niguse\} and Mohsen Afarideh and Mahdi Afshari and Alireza Ahmadi and Aichour, \{Amani Nidhal\} and Ibtihel Aichour and Aichour, \{Miloud Taki Eddine\} and Nadia Akseer and Al‐raddadi, \{Rajaa M.\} and Fares Alahdab and Ala'a Alkerwi and Peter Allebeck and Nelson Alvis‐guzman and Anber, \{Nahla Hamed\} and Mina Anjomshoa and Antonio, \{Carl Abelardo T.\} and Amit Arora and Aryal, \{Krishna K.\} and Asgedom, \{Solomon Weldegebreal\} and Ashish Awasthi and Quintanilla, \{Beatriz Paulina Ayala\} and Hamid Badali and Barker‐collo, \{Suzanne Lyn\} and B{\"a}rnighausen, \{Till Winfried\} and Shahrzad Bazargan‐hejazi and Corina Benjet and Bensenor, \{Isabela M.\} and Noami Berfeld and Mircea Beuran and Bhutta, \{Zulfiqar A.\} and Belete Biadgo and Nigus Bililign and Guilherme Borges and Rohan Borschmann and Alexandra Brazinova and Breitborde, \{Nicholas J.K.\} and Traolach Brugha and Butt, \{Zahid A.\} and Carrero, \{Juan J.\} and F{\'e}lix Carvalho and Malta, \{Deborah Carvalho\} and Casta{\~n}eda‐orjuela, \{Carlos A.\} and Ferr{\'a}n Catal{\'a}‐l{\'o}pez and Lee, \{Paul H.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited.",

year = "2019",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1136/bmj.l94",

language = "English",

volume = "364",

journal = "BMJ (Online)",

issn = "0959-8146",

publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",

}

Orpana, HM, Marczak, LB, Arora, M, Abbasi, N, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, Z, Abraha, HN, Afarideh, M, Afshari, M, Ahmadi, A, Aichour, AN, Aichour, I, Aichour, MTE, Akseer, N, Al‐raddadi, RM, Alahdab, F, Alkerwi, A, Allebeck, P, Alvis‐guzman, N, Anber, NH, Anjomshoa, M, Antonio, CAT, Arora, A, Aryal, KK, Asgedom, SW, Awasthi, A, Quintanilla, BPA, Badali, H, Barker‐collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Bazargan‐hejazi, S, Benjet, C, Bensenor, IM, Berfeld, N, Beuran, M, Bhutta, ZA, Biadgo, B, Bililign, N, Borges, G, Borschmann, R, Brazinova, A, Breitborde, NJK, Brugha, T, Butt, ZA, Carrero, JJ, Carvalho, F, Malta, DC, Castañeda‐orjuela, CA, Catalá‐lópez, F & Lee, PH 2019, 'Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016', BMJ (Online), vol. 364, 94. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l94

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016

T2 - Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

AU - Orpana, Heather M.

AU - Marczak, Laurie B.

AU - Arora, Megha

AU - Abbasi, Nooshin

AU - Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi

AU - Abebe, Zegeye

AU - Abraha, Haftom Niguse

AU - Afarideh, Mohsen

AU - Afshari, Mahdi

AU - Ahmadi, Alireza

AU - Aichour, Amani Nidhal

AU - Aichour, Ibtihel

AU - Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine

AU - Akseer, Nadia

AU - Al‐raddadi, Rajaa M.

AU - Alahdab, Fares

AU - Alkerwi, Ala'a

AU - Allebeck, Peter

AU - Alvis‐guzman, Nelson

AU - Anber, Nahla Hamed

AU - Anjomshoa, Mina

AU - Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.

AU - Arora, Amit

AU - Aryal, Krishna K.

AU - Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal

AU - Awasthi, Ashish

AU - Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala

AU - Badali, Hamid

AU - Barker‐collo, Suzanne Lyn

AU - Bärnighausen, Till Winfried

AU - Bazargan‐hejazi, Shahrzad

AU - Benjet, Corina

AU - Bensenor, Isabela M.

AU - Berfeld, Noami

AU - Beuran, Mircea

AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.

AU - Biadgo, Belete

AU - Bililign, Nigus

AU - Borges, Guilherme

AU - Borschmann, Rohan

AU - Brazinova, Alexandra

AU - Breitborde, Nicholas J.K.

AU - Brugha, Traolach

AU - Butt, Zahid A.

AU - Carrero, Juan J.

AU - Carvalho, Félix

AU - Malta, Deborah Carvalho

AU - Castañeda‐orjuela, Carlos A.

AU - Catalá‐lópez, Ferrán

AU - Lee, Paul H.

PY - 2019/1/1

Y1 - 2019/1/1

N2 - Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.

AB - Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85061305951

U2 - 10.1136/bmj.l94

DO - 10.1136/bmj.l94

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85061305951

SN - 0959-8146

VL - 364

JO - BMJ (Online)

JF - BMJ (Online)

M1 - 94

ER -

Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Abstract

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