Characterizing the <scp>three‐dimensional</scp> distribution of schooling reef fish with a portable multibeam echosounder

MM Holland, A Becker, JA Smith, JD Everett, IM Suthers

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Multispecies schools of small planktivorous fishes are important constituents of reefs and coastal infrastructure; however, determining the extent and distribution of these schools is challenging. Here, we describe a novel use of a low‐cost portable multibeam echosounder from a small vessel, which can concurrently measure detailed bathymetry and the distribution of mid‐water targets with high spatial accuracy, regardless of light availability or water clarity. Fish abundance and biomass are not easily quantified by multibeam echosounders, so we developed a new metric for delineating the gridded horizontal distribution of school thickness, and assessed the metric's efficacy by examining its correlation with mean volume backscattering strength derived from a calibrated 38 kHz split‐beam echosounder (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic> = 0.67). We measured the distribution of fish school thickness around clusters of large concrete modules of an artificial reef using a multibeam echosounder, complemented with underwater video to aid species identification. The mean distribution of school thickness was mapped around the reef field with generalized additive mixed models. Model spatial predictions indicated schools aggregated around module clusters, rather than individual modules. Dynamic schools of fish in relatively shallow coastal waters (~ 30 m) can be surveyed over 400,000 m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> at 3 m s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in just 60 min. Portable multibeam echosounders are an accessible and valuable addition to quantifying the dynamic distributions of coastal fishes around features with high vertical relief.</jats:p>
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)340-355
Number of pages0
JournalLimnology and Oceanography: Methods
Volume19
Issue number5
Early online date30 Mar 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2021

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