But who is it for? Introducing a framework for critical reflection on design and delivery of ethical participatory research

Delivering ethical collaborative research is challenging, requiring disruption of assumptions, academic norms, and ways of working–including long-standing power dynamics. This article proposes a framework to support critical reflection on participatory practice; an adaptation of the wheel of consent. The adapted ‘ILBR’ framework explores the balance of who Initiates (makes requests/offers), does Labour (the action), gets Benefits, and takes on Risks (ILBR) in the conduct of research. This aims to support reflexive design and delivery of ethical participation, including a shift towards consent becoming an ongoing multi-way negotiation of agreements. Particularly it aims to support ‘interpersonal reflexivity’, and navigation of the ‘micro-ethics’ present during everyday-level interactions. The framework was tested for individual reflection and as an educational role-play exercise. Explorations indicate managing power and positionality need consideration, and future research should explore how to make space for more requests.